A simplified roller bottle platform for the production of a new generation VLPs rabies vaccine for veterinary applications

Rabies is a neglected disease with an estimated annual mortality of 55,000 human deaths, affecting mainly low-income countries. Over 95% of these cases result from virus transmission through the bite of infected dogs and for this reason there is a real need for a cheap and effective rabies veterinary vaccine to be used in mass vaccination campaigns. In this work, we describe the establishment of a simple platform for the production of a virus-like particles based rabies vaccine using mammalian cells and roller bottles as culture system. Adherent cells were cultured during more than 15 days and VLPs were continuously produced and secreted to the culture supernatant. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of VLPs were tested through rabies virus neutralizing antibody test and NIH potency test. These viral particles induced high titer of long lasting neutralizing antibodies and protected mice against active virus challenge. Therefore, this development represents a promising platform for the production of a new generation and virus-free rabies vaccine candidate for veterinary applications.     

利用CRISPR/Ca9技术靶向编辑芥蓝BoaZDS

以芥蓝(Brassicaoleraceavar.alboglabra)为材料,以ζ–胡萝卜素脱氢酶(ζ-Carotene desaturase,ZDS)基因为目标基因,建立其CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑体系。在BoaZDS的编码区近5′端选择靶位点,构建了CRISPR/Cas9表达载体,通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法获得了19个芥蓝转基因阳性植株,Sanger测序分析发现其中13株成功突变,CRISPR/Cas9载体在芥蓝上的突变效率为68.42%,且所有突变植株均表现出明显的白化表型。     

中草药与苯扎溴铵联用治疗车轮虫病的案例分析

车轮虫病是鱼类重要的常见纤毛虫病。近年来,对传统化学药物耐药的车轮虫和小车轮虫越来越多。本文介绍了复方中草药联合苯扎溴铵治疗河鲀、黄颡鱼和草鱼车轮虫病的典型案例,以期为类似病例治疗提供参考。     

Forest recovery after clear-cutting in Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis) plantations of North China

In Hebei Province of North China, forest was recovered with natural recruitment in plantations with large area of clear-cutting Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis). This study was aimed to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of recruits during the natural recruitment. Both plot survey and the spatial point-pattern analysis were performed. Five developmental stages of natural recruitment were selected and studied, including 1 year before and 2, 5, 8, and 11 years after clear-cutting. Different slope aspects were also included. Natural recruitment was always dominated by Chinese pine with a proportion of higher than 90%. For plots of 1 year before clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, recruit densities were 7886 and 5036 stems/hm2, the average heights were 0.78(±0.85) and 1.06(±1.15) m, and the average diameters at breast height(DBH) were 3.21(±1.38) and 2.91(±1.38) cm, respectively. After clear-cutting, recruit density was initially increased, then it was gradually declined with time; however, the variation of average DBH was contrary to that of recruit density. Both of them were no longer varied between 8 and 11 years after clear-cutting. The average height of recruits continued to increase after clear-cutting. For the plots of 11 years after clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, average heights of recruits reached 2.00(±1.14) and 2.24(±1.20) m, respectively. The statuses of recruits on north-facing slopes were better than those on east-facing slopes after clear-cutting. Meanwhile, recruits on east-facing slopes were always aggregated at small scales, while spatial pattern of recruits varied with time on north-facing slopes. Moreover, forest was recovered more quickly by natural recruitment than by artificial afforestation after clear-cutting. The structural diversity was higher in naturally regenerated forests than in plantations of the same age. Our results demonstrated that clear-cutting of Chinese pine plantations recovered by natural recruitment has the potential to be an effective approach for establishing multifunctional forest.     

复合涂膜保鲜剂对番荔枝模拟贮运期间品质的影响

研究大黄与五倍子复合涂膜保鲜剂涂膜对番荔枝模拟贮运期间贮藏品质的影响，明确该保鲜剂的保鲜效果。将保鲜剂涂膜的番荔枝作为处理组、未涂膜的果实作为对照(CK)，分别置于加冰的泡沫箱中贮藏20 h模拟当地贮运技术，之后开箱放置于常温下贮藏，考察复合涂膜保鲜剂对番荔枝感官品质及其生理生化的影响。结果表明，与CK组比较，经涂膜处理后番荔枝果实的裂果、烂果、霉果和失重情况明显改善,褐变指数和乙烯释放量显著降低；有效延缓了果实软化，延迟了呼吸高峰第1次出现的时间，抑制呼吸高峰的第2次出现， 可显著降低淀粉酶活性、减缓淀粉转化为可溶性固形物的速度。该保鲜剂可有效延缓番荔枝模拟贮运期间果实的衰老，起到较为理想的保鲜效果。     

靖州杨梅引种试验与表型聚类分析

以靖州的传统品种木洞光叶和木洞大叶杨梅为对照,比较引进的早佳、早荠蜜梅、晚荠蜜梅、黑晶、荸荠种、东魁6个品种的叶片形态、果实品质、成熟期等主要农艺性状,并对品种叶片和果实表型性状进行聚类分析。结果表明,早佳与木洞光叶杨梅聚为一类,但早佳成熟期提早约7 d,表现出较好的早熟特性,具有极好的推广应用前景;荸荠种具有核小、可食率高等特点,在靖州表现出良好的适应性;东魁果大、商品性佳,其株产和售价是当地传统品种的1.96~1.98倍和2.67~3.48倍,栽培经济效益显著。     

5味中药醇提物对尼罗罗非鱼白细胞免疫活性的作用

将超微五倍子、白头翁、地榆、柯子、虎杖粉碎后过160目筛,按照料液比1∶10将药粉与60%的乙醇水溶液混合,再用超声波粉碎机超声1 h,用滤纸过滤收集滤液,置于多样品平行蒸发仪中浓缩后制得中药提取物。用吸取0.2 mL抗凝剂的无菌注射器自尼罗罗非鱼尾静脉采血0.5 mL,与L-15细胞培养基按体积比1∶9的比例混合成血浆,与中草药提取液单用、联用共孵育,利用氮蓝四唑还原法和流式细胞仪技术分别测定中草药提取液对尼罗罗非鱼外周血白细胞呼吸爆发活性和白细胞吞噬活性的影响。试验结果显示,五倍子、白头翁、地榆、柯子、虎杖单用均能显著提高白细胞氧呼吸爆发活性,呼吸爆发增加率分别为128.68%、123.96%、28.37%、44.44%和78.93%;试验组白细胞吞噬率分别较对照组增加44.04%、44.66%、95.00%、10.35%和64.93%。在两味中药双联用试验中,对白细胞氧呼吸爆发活性呈协同作用的组合为白头翁+地榆,呼吸爆发联用指数为1.28;对白细胞吞噬活性呈协同作用的组合为白头翁+虎杖、柯子+虎杖、五倍子+虎杖和白头翁+柯子,吞噬联用指数分别为11.45、6.20、3.03和1.06。     

h指数及其衍生指标评估兽用疫苗领域单篇专利的适用性探索

随着禽流感、非洲猪瘟等疾病的出现,兽用疫苗的开发研制成为了动物防疫体系建设的重要一环,同时兽用疫苗领域国际竞争日益激烈,直接影响到我国相关企业的生存和发展,因此国家必须加强对兽用疫苗领域专利质量和专利保护的重视.本文以计量学中的h指数及其衍生指标为对象,研究其与传统专利价值评估指标的关系,通过相关性分析来筛选评估兽用疫苗领域高价值专利的指标.结果表明:h指数、g指数和hg指数这三个指标,与传统专利价值评估指标相关性强,且计算简便,相对于传统指标,能够快速准确地对兽用疫苗领域专利价值进行预估.     

中国饲料经济现状与营销模式转变之探

随着关键词结构性改革政策的不断推进，以及我国环保压力的不断增强，饲料行业面临着前所未有的挑战。本文以我国饲料行业为研究对象，进一步分析当前我国饲料行业的经济现状，深度挖掘目前行业的发展情况、市场宏观环境和政策背景等，并对比我国饲料行业与其他国家饲料行业的发展情况，得出目前我国饲料行业的发展困境。营销模式是企业经营发展的重点内容，高效、低成本的营销将为企业创造更大的收益，带来稳定的客源，可以说饲料企业的经济发展离不开良好的营销支持。但随着社会环境、技术发展的转变，饲料企业原有的营销模式已不能满足目前的市场环境，企业急需转变营销模式。因此，本文基于我国饲料行业的发展现状和营销模式的发展趋势提出饲料企业的营销模式转变路径，为我国饲料行业发展提供参考。 [关键词]中国饲料|经济现状|营销模式|转变